• Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and

  2024-06-07

  

  Chronic inflammation is associated with both initiation and progression of many neoplastic conditions [149], and ATX may be a player in the process. ATX/LPA signaling is positively correlated with the invasive and metastatic potential of several cancers including melanoma, breast cancer, ovarian can

• br Research perspective In vitro and in vivo

  2024-06-07

  

  Research perspective In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that increased LPA/ATX signaling contributes to cancer initiation and progression. Recent findings on the role of non-tumoral ATX in cancer progression and metastasis highlighted a new functional contribution for the microenviron

• At present the role of

  2024-06-07

  

  At present, the role of autophagy in neurons remains controversial. Autophagy has homeostatic and waste-recycling functions and plays a protective role in neurodegeneration diseases. Moreover, it has been thought as a programmed cell death participating in the occurrence and development of various

• As in humans and other mammalians spontaneous

  2024-06-07

  

  As in humans and other mammalians spontaneous activity of sinoatrial pacemaker szl in in the zebrafish heart crucially depends on proper HCN4 channel activity (If) and spontaneous diastolic depolarization [15,81]. Whether Na+/K+-ATPase currents regulate next to phase of myocardial repolarization al

• In PMCA Mg favors the conversion E

  2024-06-07

  

  In PMCA, Mg2+ favors the conversion E1P → E2P [13] and, as in SERCA [11], it accelerates the phosphorylation displacing the E1–E2 equilibrium towards E1. In SERCA, Sørensen et al. [41], proposed that ATP reacts by an associative mechanism mediated by two Mg2+ ions to form an aspartyl-phosphorylated

• We wanted to investigate the influence of substituents on th

  2024-06-07

  

  We wanted to investigate the influence of substituents on the pyrazole ring on the activity, but only a few substituted pyrazole-3-carboxylic acids/esters were commercially available in useful amounts at a reasonable price, for example, 4- and 5-nitro-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid. The preparation of 4

• Inflammations lead to the perturbation of

  2024-06-07

  

  Inflammations lead to the perturbation of aromatase enzyme [112], which normally is responsible for a broad array of critical functions. Chemotherapy targets this enzyme, so this treatment option is never side-effect-free and not fully-effective. Therefore, the mankind should be careful so as not to

• br Summary br Introduction With readily synthetic methods an

  2024-06-06

  

  Summary Introduction With readily synthetic methods and excellent chemical/physical characteristics, coumarins have received extensive attention and show great practical values in many fields, such as medicine discovery, dye chemistry, materials chemistry and so on [[1], [2], [3]]. Actually, o

• br Conclusions In summary we report a novel preliminary find

  2024-06-06

  

  Conclusions In summary, we report a novel preliminary finding of a potential racial difference in the association of Cd-content and AR expression in prostate cancer that will need to be confirmed in larger studies. Although the association of Cd and AR protein expression is not strong in tumor ti

• Recently Kamoshita et al evaluated a mouse model of

  2024-06-06

  

  Recently, Kamoshita et al. (2016) evaluated a mouse model of retinal neuronal disturbance with the intraperitoneal injection of LPS and found that treatment with AICAR suppressed the reduction of conical function and decreased mRNA levels of TNF-α as well as improved mRNA levels of the mitochondrial

• MAPs require divalent transition metal

  2024-06-06

  

  MAPs require divalent transition metal ions as cofactors for activity [21]. Previous studies on MAPs from different organisms indicate cobalt ions to be the most preferred divalent metal activator [22]. However, MAPs also exhibit activity with other divalent cations like Mn(II), Ca(II), Ni(II) or Fe

• br Concluding Remarks and Future

  2024-06-06

  

  Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives Disclaimer Statement Introduction Aldehyde dehydrogenase ALDHs (E.C. 1.2.1.3) are multigene family of NAD(P)+-dependents group of structurally and functionally related ubiquitously distributed enzymes involved in the specific and irreversible oxida

• br Conflict of interest statement br Acknowledgements We are

  2024-06-06

  

  Conflict of interest statement Acknowledgements We are very grateful to Maura Agate for her excellent editorial assistance. The work reported in this article was supported largely by the Italian MIUR. Introduction Atenolol is a selective β1-adrenergic receptor blocker that is orally effect

• Our in vitro data show that CyaA

  2024-06-06

  

  Our in vitro data show that CyaA does not play a critical role in the bacterial adherence to mammalian cells. This observation is in contrast to previous studies that reported a role for CyaA in FHA-mediated adherence of B. pertussis bacteria to the respiratory epithelial cyclic adenosine monophosph

• br Concluding remarks ROP is a major

  2024-06-06

  

  Concluding remarks ROP is a major cause of childhood blindness in the world. Current pharmacological therapy focus on anti-VEGF strategy, but this strategy is associated with the unintended effects on delayed eye growth and retinal vasculature development of preterm infants. Preclinical studies u

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